Improvement in feed-water heaters-for steam-generators



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IMPROVEMENT IN FEED-WATER HBATE-RS- FOR STEAM-GENERATORS.

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Be it known that I, GEORGE CANDEE, of Berlin Heights, in the county of Erie, and State of Ohio, have` invented' certain new and useful Improvements in Steam-Generators and Feed-Water Heaters; and Ido hereby declare that the following is a. full, clear,l and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompany` i-ng drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, in which- Figure 1 isa side elevation.

Figure 2 is a sectional plan view.

Figurel 3 is va. plan view. v

The nature of my invention consists in the construction of an improved water-heater for steam-Boilers, which has for its object the economical use of fuclin the development of steam. This apparatus acts upon an entirely new principle, a'ndgreatly promotes the absorption of a far greater amount of the heat which remains in the-gas after leavingthe dre-chamber in the ordinary furnace for steam-boilers. The gas leaves the boiler and escapes into the `iue, at a mnch higher degree of temperature than that to-which thestenm is raised.

To accomplish this result, I construct an apparatus consisting of a series of cylindrical dues, arranged hexagonally, through which the gases of combustion must pass Ain escaping to the smokeystack. These tlues are connected by suitable removable pipes at their ends, in such a manner that said gas in escaping pass alternatelyl back and forth through said ues, alternately from one end to the other of the same, until it reaches the end of the last section or ue, where it escapes into the smoke-stack. The draught may be assisted by thc use of any of the well-known means used foraccomplishing that object in other similar cases.

These dues are each provided with ajacket, or out'er cylindrical shell, which is formed ofthe same material and is of the same length. Their` ends are connected together in such a manner that the space between the shells is water or steam-tight.' This space forms'a chamber around the respective fines, which is designed toA receive a current of water. These chambers are connected by means of small tubes or pipes, which serve to pass the water from one chamber to the next'. These chambers are connected in the same order as the fines. .The tubes referred to are large enough to supply the feed to the boiler. The current of water is forced in an opposite directionte that of the gasesin passing through the dues. Water is inducted by the usual force-pump,

and receives the heat that remains in the passing gases. It passes them forward to thenext successive`chamber, lwhere it is again brought in contact with the heated surfaces, and absorbs a still greater degree of heat than from the first; and-thus' it continues in its cou'rse from one chamber to the next, in succession, receiving from each an increased amount of heat as it nears the furnace, until at last it reaches the boiler in a condition -little below the temperature of the steam therein generated, while the gases passing inthe opposite direction lose their heat audpass off into. the smoke-stack.' Thus the otherwise waste heat escaping with the gases, is, by this apparatus, nearly all'converted into steam. l

To enable others skilled in the arts to make and use my invention, I will now proceed to describe its con struction and operation. v

A represents the iiue through which the gases pass. There may be many smaller ilues in each section, it' desired. v

B represents the chamber or reservoir, through which the .water passes from 'the force-pump to tle boiler.

D represents the jointure-pipes which connect the ues, as seen in the drawings. The connection may b e in' theorder there illustrated, or in any other suitable order.

E represents the pipes which connect the chambers B. They should connect them in the .same order that is observfed in connecting the iiues,`only always so atta'ched as to conduct the most heated water of each section into `'the one of next higher temperature. i t

E represents a valve or damper, which may be used foriconducting the gases directly into the smoke-stack, when desirable to do so.

The fines are arranged hexagonally around one of their number, and are all of the same diameter; Being placed in this position, they are banded or otherwise secured together. Thus compactness and greaterfretention of heat are equally secured.` However, these sections may be of any number, shape, or size, and' may be `arranged in any order desired.

I design this form of heater ns applicable to heating air for the purpose of operating caloric-engines, as to heating water for steamlengines, as the principle is the same, and the method of effecting the purposejs thel same. There need be nothing more said upon this subject.

i It will be readily understood that the current of air or water which is being passed through the successive chambers, passes from the temperaturein the first to one of a higher temperature. Thusl ,the fluid is constantly coming in contact with. a. degree of heat which is of a much higherA temperature, and is thus, on philosophical principles, constantly absorbing heat iu an accelerating ratio.

The magnitude of the advantages derived from the use of this simple but effective apparatus' cannot be fully appreciated unless we 'take into i account the vast amount of caloric that is constantly escaping, in the gases oi' combustion into the flue of the ordinary boiler, and is thus llost. It is confidently believed, from uetul experiment, that ninety-five huridredthsof all the heat generated is `entirely lost by thus escaping. If this hypothesis, supported by experiment, is correct, then any device which is capable of converting this 'otherwise superfluous heat into steam'must .necessarily be of the greatest utility. This I fullyaccomplish, in this apparatus, in a cheap and effective manner.-

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is- Passing the feed-water or air through successive` chambers, (heatcdas described,) of a. lower to a higher temperature, in the manner and Vfor the purposes h'rein setferth and described. g i

GEO. CANDEE. [n s] Witnesses:

S. P. WHEELOCK,

WM. A. TILL. 

